On September 4, more than 15 million Chileans voted in the plebiscite on the approval of a new Constitution. She . According to a Congressional report issued in 1975 on the USs covert actions in Chile, the US government, in a bid to keep Allende and his socialist policies out of power, sought to punish the Chilean economy to show how the global economy would react should Allende assume the presidency. A woman holds booklets containing the new constitution during a demonstration in support of the Chilean new constitution, in Santiago, on Aug. 30, 2022. Ian Bremmer: Risk of nuclear crisis in 2022 is too high, Top US national security threat: the myth of the stolen election, After Imran Khan attack, Pakistans fatal political threesome escalates, What Were Watching: Melonis migrant moves, a cartel for rainforests, Haitis hope for fuel. Here are five things to know about possible factors behind the Sunday vote, in which 61.9 percent of voters rejected the draft constitution: Drafting disarray The Oct. 25 referendum was a significant political concession by President Sebastin Piera after months of protests and riots last year that left an estimated $1.4 billion in damage. The constitutional process, if rejected, he said, has to continue by the terms decided by the people of Chile.. How to write a new constitution for a divided and unequal Chile Only then will the new constitution come into effect - though Chileans might vote against ratification, in which case the current Pinochet constitution would remain the law of the land. While polling had long suggested Chileans would reject the new constitution, most want to replace the current constitutionwhich former dictator Augusto Pinochet introduced in 1980. But if Boric manages to convince voters and lawmakers alike that another constitutional rewrite is essential to addressing key issues, he could turn the rejection around in his favor. Chileans had taken to the streetsat various pointssince the mid-2000s,from high school and university students demandingbetter public educationto Indigenous peoples denouncing persistent exclusion and state violence. Proponents of the referendum envision a new charter that will enshrine more basic rights for all Chileans (especially free higher education and healthcare, as well as affordable housing and transportation), limit the role of the private sector, and expand public welfare to create a more equal society. All Rights Reserved. Let us remember that years ago one of the most important political changes in the recent history of the country began, the so-called spring in 2019, which led to the election of a Constituent Assembly, however, now the . Yet when the protestseruptedin October 2019, it became clear that piecemeal reformshad beentoo little too late. Boric has so much time left in his [presidential term], and there are many things to solve is the government going to put all its energy into a new process? That constitution, originally written in 1981, upholds the free-market policies that buoyed Chiles economy. They want a new constitution because they want better pensions, higher salaries, better health care and more rights as citizens and consumers. If the text is rejected, President Gabriel Boric has said a new constitutional process must be initiated to comply with a 2020 referendum where 80% of Chileans voted to draft a new constitution to replace the Pinochet-era text. The reason is simply: The current constitution (1980) was written under no democratic rules, neither democratic consultation, under a dictatorship. Chile's President Gabriel Boric . It was approved in a 1980 national plebiscite which the opposition says was rigged. The constitution also installed a unique electoral system designed to advantage theRight and constrain theLeft, one that favored incumbents and reduced turnover. We are a non-profit organization, wholly supported by The New School, and by the generosity of our sponsors and readers. By September 2021,the155-memberConstitutional Conventionhadgotten to work, its earliest decisionssuggesting that Chiles new charter would break with the exclusionary politics of the past. The proposed charter is intended . Faced with the necessity of voting on the rules of procedure,someLeftdelegates challengedthe2/3 supermajority thatthe current constitutionrequires forthe Convention to proceed. ARI SHAPIRO, HOST: Chile is in the process of reinventing itself. After all,theyhadbenefited from the current system for more than two decades,while other sectorsconfrontedlimited economic and social mobility,inadequatesocial services, andperceivedcorruptionin government. Why did people of Chile rejected the new constitution ? : r/chile The constitutionofferedthe appearance of democracy while limiting popular sovereignty. Our research on democratic governments and women's political participation explains why. World Must Not Wash Its Hands of Afghanistan, Democracy and Nation-Building in Pakistan During Political Instability, Chile wants a new constitution. Sign up for our weekly newsletter to receive selections from new issues of Public Seminar. The referendum asked Chileans two questions: firstly, if they wanted a new constitution, and secondly, what kind of body they would want to draw it up. The final draft, submitted July 4 of this year, gives unprecedented rights to Indigenous communities, granting sovereignty over their territories and installing an Indigenous judicial system to try cases particular to those nations. The region is watching. By using our website you consent to our Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy, including the transfer of your personal data to the United States from your country of residence, and our use of cookies described in our Cookie Policy. The countrys student movement has long been a powerful force in Chilean politics, starting under Pinochet and continuing under subsequent civilian presidencies to subvert government attempts to restrict their rights to protest, as well as the states public-private education model, which former President Sebastin Piera endorsed during his first term. The center-right coalitionVamos por Chile(Lets Go Chile)won 37 seats, securing a pluralitybut far short ofthecoveted one-third that would give them veto power over the Conventions text. On September 4th, 2022, the people of Chile will vote in a referendum to accept or reject a new constitution. Elections will be called for a new assembly of delegates to start the process from scratch, but its unclear how long it will take. By John Bartlett , a British multimedia journalist covering the politics . TheRightwaslargelyopposedtoaconstitutional conventionfrom the start. Magazines, Digital Additionally, 79% of voters agreed that the new text should be drafted by way of a constitutional convention. The12-ptAgreementestablished a referendum on a new constitution thatwould pose two questions: Do you want a new constitution? and What type of body should carry out the elaboration of a new constitution?The second question offered votersthechoice betweenPierasmixedversion,or aconventionconsistingentirelyof elected delegates. The new constitution also enforces Indigenous representation at all levels of government, as well as gender parity in government and in both public and public-private enterprises, the Washington Post reports. For theLeft,theConvention offersa once in a lifetime opportunity to forge the foundationsfor buildinga more just and equitable society, one that embraces Chiles diversity and places more decision-making power in thehands of trulyrepresentative institutions. Further complicating matters isChileselectoral calendar. On 4th September, Chilean people voted to approve or to reject the draft for a new constitution. Why does Chile need a new constitution? A New Constitution For Chile - Dave's Chile Something went wrong. In Chiles 1980 constitution, Pinochet set out a plan for a 1988 plebiscite; on that date, people could vote on whether they wanted to keep him in office for a further eight years. 2022 TIME USA, LLC. The anthem's scathing attack of institutions buoyed support to write a new constitution in Chile, but as the videos of the protests went viral, women across the world also repeated it, including . Still,momentumfor change continued buildingin the seven monthsleading tothe election ofdelegates to theConstitutional Convention, in May 2021. The new constitution would have given rights to Chile's indigenous people but voters have rejected the draft constitution Chileans have overwhelmingly rejected a draft text to replace their constitution, which dates from Augusto Pinochet's military dictatorship and is widely blamed for the country's deep-rooted social inequality. The proposed new constitution has 388 Articles and 58 Transition Instructions. We use cookies and other tracking technologies to improve your browsing experience on our site, show personalized content and targeted ads, analyze site traffic, and understand where our audiences come from. With such high stakes, will the new constitution will help the country's leaders find ways to maintain economic success while ensuring greater equity for the 99 percent, or will this end up being a permanent tradeoff? What A New Constitution Could Mean For Chile : NPR - KASU Chile is the world's largest . Even though it has been amended almost 60 times, some feel a completely new document is needed. The back story. Seven main commissionsare guiding itswork, including a commission on Human Rights, Historical Truth, and the Bases for Justice, Reparation, and Guarantees of Never Again, a commission on Participation and Indigenous Consultation, and a commission on Decentralization, Equity, and Territorial Justice. The proposed drafta result of more than a year of negotiations and drafting by 154 elected delegateswas intended to scrap a constitution many saw as a roadblock to reform the political and economic systems put in place by Pinochet. One of the main demands of the marches some of which turned violent was a new constitution. Please also read our Privacy Notice and Terms of Use, which became effective December 20, 2019. Yet this very possibility left many in theestablished political and economic class unsettled. What we know so far about the 2022 midterms, in charts, Lauren Boeberts extremely tight race in a safe Republican district, explained, The ridiculous Twitter check mark situation just got more complicated, What wins for Medicaid and the minimum wage mean for the future of ballot initiatives. Is Chile about to tear up its Pinochet-era constitution? Chile will pen a new constitution to replace its magna carta from the era of dictator Augusto Pinochet, which is credited with underpinning decades of growth, but also stoking inequality. Associate Professor of Politics and director of the Center for Research and Scholarship, Occidental College, Santiago, Chile, October 25, 2020. Chileans elect independents to rewrite constitution - DW - 05/17/2021 Chile Rejects New 'Woke' Constitution - The Daily Sceptic All Rights Reserved. September 11, 2022 On September 4, 2022, more than 13 million Chileans out of a voting-eligible population of approximately 15 millionvoted on a proposal to introduce a new constitution in. Almost never does the climate and ecological crisis play a . The public's hope is that the. For them, thetime for appeasing theRight has passed, and the moment forunraveling legacies of economic and social exclusion, xenophobia, racism, patriarchy, and political violencehas arrived. The new constitution also recognizes the rights of nature, providing a legal mechanism for environmental protection, even if people arent directly harmed by a particular environmental degradation. Copyright 20142022 The Editorial Board of Public Seminar, All Rights Reserved. But, why are people in this oasis of political stability and steady economic growth in South America willing to undo the bedrock of the system that has allowed Chile to prosper for so long? Chile's current constitution, unlike others in Latin America, doesn't codify things like social rights, women's rights, Indigenous rights, water rights, and more. More practically,avictorious rightwingcouldcontinue starvingthe Convention of resources,slowing its work even further. + I Approve Rejected Photo credit: Klopping / Shutterstock.com. Chile's current charter, written and passed in the midst of the Pinochet dictatorship, is one of the only constitutions in Latin America that doesn't acknowledge Indigenous people. Rakhine is Boiling Again. Nov. 11, 2019 3:33 PM PT. Chile's Protesters Have Won a Path to a New Constitution Here's why they want to replace the dictatorship-era document. In 2019, public frustration over inequality bubbled over following a proposed subway fare hike, with 3 million people taking to the streets in mass protests. The latest opinion poll from the end of June shows 51 percent voters rejecting it and only 33 percent voting for passage. At stake are ideologicaldivisions that run deep. Chile: the battle for a transformative new constitution Theagreement also included the supermajority rule for the new constitutions text, regardless of what form the Convention would take. Report from Chile: Why the new constitution was rejected and what we The economic crises affecting Chile may distract Boric from the constitutional process going forward, the PUCs Negretto says. But Piera abandoned the project when he entered office until he could no longer ignore peoples desire for change, and congress proposed the two-part plebiscite in 2019. The potential state-of-the-art Magna Carta was drafted by an equal number of women and men and is a . This interview has been lightly edited for length and clarity. Chile's current right-leaning government does not believe in the need for a new constitution, which will replace the current one, written in the 1980s under the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. At the end of September, theConventionmadeits most difficult decision yet. Drafted largely by US-educated Chilean neoliberal economists, the Pinochet-era constitution gave a huge role to the private sector in state affairs. About 60% of the current constitution is made up of amendments, making it quite different from when it was unveiled under Pinochet. They also supported electing a constituent assembly in April, which will set to work on a draft that could be ready for popular approval by 2022. Or will it save its time and resources to solve other problems in the country?, Read More: Chile Is Trying To Shed the Last Remnants of Its Pinochet-Era Dictatorship. The commissions explicitly call out and reject Chiles authoritarian legacy. You can follow him on Twitter @FunkofChile . Can a new constitution solve Chile's old problems? | CNN The Politics of Chile's New Constitution - Americas Quarterly Understanding Americas political sphere can be overwhelming. Why does Chile need a new constitution? The explosion of social unrest was a crisis that forced us as a society to fundamentally question the model under which we have lived for the past thirty years and which has caused widespread discontent in Chilean society. The back story. The budgetrejectedtheConventionsrequest foran additional several million Chilean pesosto supportstaffing and other operational expenses. Chile votes on proposed constitution with big changes That has been a constant for many years, and the social explosion of 2019 simply made it visible.. "The constitution that was written now leans too far to one side and does not have the vision of all Chileans," Roberto Briones, 41, said after voting in Chile's capital of Santiago. It was approved in a 1980 national plebiscite which the opposition says was rigged.
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